Understanding Sensory Needs in the SEND Community

For many children and young people with SEND, the world can feel too loud, too bright, too fast, or too much.

Sensory processing differences are common across a wide range of neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism, ADHD, sensory processing disorder (SPD), cerebral palsy, and other complex needs. These differences affect how the brain interprets and responds to sensory input — such as sound, touch, light, movement, taste, smell, and body awareness.

Some children are sensory seekers — they may crave movement, noise, or pressure. Others are sensory avoiders — they may become overwhelmed by certain textures, smells, or sounds. And many fluctuate between the two, depending on the environment, their emotional state, or what else is happening around them.

Why It Matters

Sensory overload can cause distress, shutdown, or meltdown — not because a child is being “difficult”, but because they’re experiencing real discomfort or pain.

When schools, settings, and communities understand sensory needs and make reasonable adjustments, children can feel safer, calmer, and better able to engage in learning and everyday life.

What Might Help

Here are some simple, supportive strategies that can make a big difference:

• Access to sensory-friendly spaces (quiet rooms, tents, breakout areas)

• Wearing comfortable clothing (not scratchy uniforms or seams)

• Use of sensory tools (ear defenders, fidget items, weighted blankets)

• Predictable routines and visual supports

• Movement breaks and physical regulation

• Avoiding strong smells or harsh lighting

• Gentle transitions between activities

Every child is different — and what helps one may not help another. That’s why listening to children and parent carers is vital.

Resources to Explore

Whether you’re just starting to learn about sensory needs or you’re looking for more tools to advocate for your child, these resources can help:

• 🟣 Oxfordshire County Council – Sensory and Physical Needs (Early Years Toolkit)

  Includes support strategies and advice for early years settings and families.

  
  

• 🟢 Whole School SEND – Sensory and Physical Needs

  A hub of national resources to help schools understand and support children with sensory and physical needs.

  
  

• 🔵 Autism Central – Sensory Processing Podcast

  A short, friendly podcast episode that explains sensory processing in everyday language.